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Volume 1, Issue 1

Effectiveness of Inquiry-Based Learning on the Learning Outcomes of Senior Secondary School Students in Biology

Mustapha Abiodun G, Jolaoluwa Grace, Oga Omoyemi & Adigun S. , Delphonso Bamidele Tokunbo, Osunloye, Olawale Adejumo, Ajose Okunla Oluwagbotemi & Sunday Ernest Frank

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study investigated the effectiveness of inquiry-based
learning (IBL) in enhancing student understanding of biological concepts and
promoting critical thinking skills in public senior secondary schools within Lagos
State, Nigeria. A two-stage sampling approach yielded a total sample size of 180
students (n=30 per group) from five purposively selected schools in Ojo Local
Government Area. Students were divided into control and experimental groups within
each school. The control group received traditional instruction on the circulatory
system, while the experimental group received instruction using IBL methods. A self
designed Biology performance test ("Inquiry-based Learning Performance Test,"
ILPT) assessed student understanding before and after the intervention in both groups.
The ILPT demonstrated high content and construct validity and internal consistency
(Cronbach's Alpha = 0.89). Independent-samples t-tests revealed significant
differences in pre-test and post-test scores between the control and experimental
groups, suggesting that IBL led to improved student understanding of biological
concepts. The study concluded that by actively engaging students through exploration
and questioning, IBL fosters knowledge retention, critical thinking, and prepares
students for future academic endeavours. The study recommended that there is need
to implement mandatory training for biology teachers in Lagos State public senior
secondary schools on how to effectively incorporate inquiry-based learning in their
classrooms. Also, the researchers recommended that there is need for government at
all levels to provide additional resources and support for schools to ensure that they
have access to the necessary materials and technology needed for successful
implementation of inquiry-based learning.

Keywords

Biology, student, Inquiry based learning, effectiveness and Senior school

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